Methods of sterilization and contraception in mammals

This article examines a range of sterilization methods used in male and female mammals. It includes permanent surgical methods and the desire for reversible and non-surgical methods, depending on the type of animal (human, companion, farm, pest, wild). Steroidal and non-steroidal products are considered, as well as developments in hormonal and gamete-based immunocastration. Recent targets are described and indicate that this field is still very active