Oxygen isotope composition of the final chamber of planktic foraminifera provides evidence of vertical migration and depth-integrated growth

The translation of the original seawater signal (i.e. ambient temperature and δ18Osw) into distinct chambers of a single shell of a foraminifer during calcification can influence our interpretation of surface ocean conditions of the past, when based upon oxygen and carbon stable isotope geochemistry. In this study three different hypotheses were tested to gain more insight into biological and ecological processes that influence the resultant composition of stable isotopes of oxygen (δ18O) in the shells of planktonic foraminifera. These hypotheses were related to the shell size; the differences in isotopic composition between the final chamber and the remaining shell; and the differences between different species. Shells of Trilobatus sacculifer, Globigerinoides ruber white and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei were picked from the top of multi-core GS07- 150-24, of modern age, offshore of north-eastern Brazil (3°46.474′ S, 37°03.849′ W) and analysed for single-shell and single-chamber stable isotope analysis. We show that the mean value of δ18O of the final chambers (δ18OF ) is 0.2%±0.4% (1ω) higher than the mean value δ18O of the test minus the final chamber (δ18O