Security: Concepts and Definitions

The concept of security literally refers to “a state of being free from danger or threat” (Oxford Dictionary). This is a very broad definition, and the word security is therefore used in different ways in different contexts. It may refer to a state of being free from many kinds of dangers and threats (e.g., war, unemployment, illness, or accidents). Some commentators have identified the fact that when security is used in this broad way, what is actually meant is insecurity (see, e.g., Schuilenburg and Van Steden 2014). In this context, it is important to point out the difference between “security from” (shielding from harm) and “security to” (enabling people to pursue their goals) (Crawford and Hutchinson 2016)