Homogenization of nonisothermal immiscible incompressible two-phase flow in porous media

In this paper, we consider nonisothermal two-phase flows through heterogeneous porous media with periodic microstructure. Examples of such models appear in gas migration through engineered and geological barriers for a deep repository for radioactive waste, thermally enhanced oil recovery and geothermal systems. The mathematical model is given by a coupled system of two-phase flow equations, and an energy balance equation. The model consists of the usual equations derived from the mass conservation of both fluids along with the Darcy–Muskat and the capillary pressure laws. The problem is written in terms of the phase formulation, i.e. the saturation of one phase, the pressure of the second phase and the temperature are primary unknowns. The major difficulties related to this model are in the nonlinear degenerate structure of the equations, as well as in the coupling in the system. As fluid properties are defined as a function of temperature and pressure, there is a strong coupling between the mass balance and energy balance equations. Under some realistic assumptions on the data, we obtain a nonlinear homogenized coupled system of three coupled partial differential equations with effective coefficients (porosity, permeability, thermal conductivity, heat capacity) which are computed via solving cell problems. We give a rigorous mathematical derivation of the upscaled model by means of the two-scale convergence