PROPER NOUNS IN ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN (TRANSLATION APPROACH OF NOVEL)

Proper nouns are often seen so simple that they might be taken as an easy work in translation process. In fact, they might be problematic in translation. Some different techniques might be applied to translate proper nouns. Moreover, proper nouns bring messages from their source language, so it is important to decide the proper technique so that the messages are conveyed well in the target language. This research aims to describe the categories of proper nouns and to determine the translation techniques applied to translate proper nouns existing in J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring and its bahasa Indonesia translation, Sembilan Pembawa Cincin. This research employs descriptive qualitative technique. The data of the research are all proper nouns found in both novels. To categorize the proper nouns, the researcher uses the theory proposed by Newmark (1988). The categories are names of people, names of objects, and names of places. Meanwhile, to determine the techniques applied to translate those proper nouns, the researcher uses the theory from Davies (2003). The translation techniques are including preservation, literal translation, addition, omission, globalization, localization, transformation, and creation. The result of the research shows that names of places are the most frequent proper nouns that appear in the text, and preservation becomes the most frequent techniques applied to translate those proper nouns. This result indicates that the translator tends to maintain the original proper nouns as in the source language text making the names remain foreign in the target language text