Buccal fat pad-derived stem cells in three-dimensional rehabilitation of large alveolar defects: a report of two cases

This case report sought to describe efficient clinical applications of adipose- derived stem cells (AdSCs) originated from buccal fat pad (BFP) in combination with conventional guided bone regeneration as protected healing space for reconstruction of large alveolar defects after multi-impacted teeth extractions. The first case was a 19-year-old female with several impacted teeth in the maxillary and mandibular regions, which were not capable to forced erupt and recommended by the orthodontist for surgical extraction. Following this procedure, a large bone defect created and this space was filled by AdSCs loaded natural bovine bone mineral (NBBM) which protected with lateral ramus cortical plates, micro-screws and collagen membrane. After 6 months post- guided bone regeneration, she was subjected to six and seven implants placements, respectively in the maxilla and mandible. At 10 months postoperatively, radiographic evaluations revealed thorough survival of implants. The second case was a 22-year-old male with the same complain and large bony defects created after his teeth extraction. After 6 months post- guided bone regeneration, he received four dental implants in his maxilla and seven implants in the mandible. At 48 months postoperatively, radiographies showed complete survival of implants. As the result, this approach represented a considerable amount of three dimensional bone formation in both cases which enable us to utilize dental implant therapy for rehabilitation of the whole dentition. The application of AdSCs isolated from BFP in combination with NBBM can be considered as an efficient treatment for bone regeneration in large alveolar bone defects