Singular air entrapment at vertical and horizontal supported jets

In plunging jets and at hydraulic jumps, large amounts of air bubbles are entrained at the impingement of the liquid jet and receiving body. Air is entrapped and advected into a turbulent shear layer with strong interactions between the air bubble advection process and momentum shear flow. New air-water flow measurements were repeated with identical inflow in a vertical supported jet and horizontal hydraulic jump. Detailed air-water flow measurements showed that, in both cases, the void fractions distributions followed a Gaussian profile with a pseudo-exponential decay in maximum air content. Air-water interfacial velocity profiles showed self-similar distributions, albeit there were substantial differences between horizontal hydraulic jump flow and vertical plunging jet shear layer. The transfer of momentum between impinging jet and receiving water body, as well as the buoyancy force, was affected by the flow geometry