Since the development of the first integrated circuit, the number of components fabricated in a chip continued to grow while the dimensions of each component continued to be reduced. For each new technology node proposed, the fabrication process had to cope with the increasing complexity of its scaling down. The lithography step is one of the most critical for miniaturization due to the tightened requirements in both precision and accuracy of the pattern dimension printed into the wafer. Current mass production lithography technique is optical lithography. This technology is facing its resolution limits and the industry is looking for new approaches, such as Multi-patterning (MP), EUV lithography, Direct Write (DW), Nano-imprint or Direct S...