The right of a Member State to withdraw from the European Union

V magistrskem delu predstavljamo pravico države članice do izstopa iz Evropske unije. V prvem delu se seznanjamo s temeljnimi pogodbami Evropske unije, njenega delovanja ter njenimi institucijami. V nadaljevanju opredelimo članstvo v Evropski uniji, pristopna pogajanja in postopek vstopa. Predstavimo klavzulo za izstop države članice iz Evropske unije, ki je bila uvedena z Lizbonsko pogodbo ter podrobneje pregledamo in pojasnimo 50. člen Pogodbe o Evropski uniji. Pojasnimo postopek izstopa iz Evropske unije in vloge njenih institucij pri izstopu v skladu s 50. členom Pogodbe o Evropski uniji. V drugem delu magistrske naloge se osredotočamo na aktualni primer izstopa Združenega kraljestva iz Evropske unije. Predstavljamo odnos med Združenim kraljestvom in Evropsko unijo skozi leta in pot Združenega kraljestva do referenduma ter nato do sklicevanja na izstopno klavzulo. Analiziramo vplive in vzroke, ki so pripeljali do izstopa Združenega kraljestva ter analiziramo rezultate iz referenduma o izstopu. V nadaljevanju se osredotočamo na posledice, ki jih bo prinesel izstop Združenega kraljestva in analiziramo možne prihodnje scenarije za odnos med Evropsko unijo in Združenim kraljestvom. Raziščemo kako bo izstop vplival na proračun Evropske unije in orišemo potek pogajanj o finančni poravnavi. Opredelimo pravice državljanov Združenega kraljestva in Evropske unije, ki izhajajo iz osnutka sporazuma o izstopu Združenega kraljestva ter tveganje izgube določenih pravic. Nazadnje analiziramo trgovino med Združenim kraljestvom in Evropsko unijo in pregledamo možne scenarije o njihovem prihodnjem trgovinskem odnosu.In the master\u27s thesis, we present the right of a Member State to withdraw from the European Union. In the first part, we acquaint with the fundamental treaties of the European Union, its functioning and its institutions. Further below we define the membership in the European Union, accession negotiations and entry procedure. We present the exit clause on the right of a Member State to withdraw from the European Union, which was introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon, and we have a detailed look at and clarify Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union. We explain the process of withdrawing from the European Union and the role of its institutions during the withdrawal in accordance with Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union. In the second part of the master\u27s thesis we focus on the current example of the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. We introduce and analyze the relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union over the years and the United Kingdom\u27s path to the referendum, and then to invoking the exit clause. We analyze the impacts and causes that led to the withdrawal of the United Kingdom and analyze the results of the referendum on the withdrawal. Hereinafter we focus on the consequences that will result in withdrawal of the United Kingdom and analyze possible future scenarios for the relationship between the European Union and the United Kingdom. We explore how the withdrawal will affect the budget of the European Union and we outline the course of the financial settlement negotiations. We define the rights of the citizens of the United Kingdom and of the European Union stemming from the draft agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom and the risk of losing certain rights. Lastly, we analyze the trade between the United Kingdom and the European Union and look at possible scenarios about their future trade relationship