Tests for HIV positive patients at the department of Clinical Biochemistry and Imunology at the Hospital Bulovka

HIV is a human immunodeficiency virus that attacks the host's immune system and reduces the ability of the immune system to respond adequately to the presence of other infectious agents with which the healthy immune system would usually advise. HIV antiretroviral therapy doesn't ensure complete removal of the virus from the organism. The therapy only blocks further proliferation of viral cells in host cells. Antiretrovirotics are primarily based on the inhibition of viral enzymes. Combinated treatment or HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) consists of a combination of three or more medicines with different effects. Each of these medicines reacts with other receptors and with other enzymes and reacts at different stages of the life cycle of the virus. The effects of treatment and its negative effects on the patient's organism are monitored at regular intervals in the AIDS center in the hospital Na Bulovce. Employees from this center send patient samples to different departments according to examination requirements. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to acquaint with selected biochemical and immunological parameters investigated at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Imunology in the hospital Na Bulovce and use these parameters to try to find out effects of treatment in selected patients who have already been detected HIV positive by detection of surface features CD4+ and CD8+ on Th-lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Furthermore monitoring patient's status during therapy with selected biochemical markers analyzed on an automated biochemical analyzer and also evaluation and description of the current possibilities of laboratory determination in the detection of HIV infection