Risk factors of bloodstream infections associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients Factores de riesgo de infecciones del tracto sanguíneo asociadas a alimentación parenteral en pacientes pediátricos

Introduction: One of the complications of parenteral nutrition (PN) is bloodstream infection (BSI) associated with catheter, unknown the most important risk factors in our country. Objective: To determine risk factors of BSI associated with PN in pediatric patients in public hospitals of Santiago, Chile. Patients and methods: In two public hospitals all newborns and children receiving PN were analyzed retrospectively, from January 2002 to December 2005. The study group (SG) was formed by all those with blood cultures (+) during the administration of PN. We selected two controls for each case, children with PN and blood cultures (-) (control group, CG). We used parametric, nonparametric and logistic regression to analyze data. Results: There were 58 cases and 130 controls. Children of the SG received PN for longer days than CG: 24 (7-934) vs. 10 days (7-152) (p < 0.001), presented a higher rate of malnutrition (44.4% vs. 31%, chi2, p < 0.05) and received more frequently PN by central v