There is continued need for a better understanding of range vegetation and its use by range animals. Range preservation and improvement in the midwest are largely matters of wise use and proper management of our natural grasslands. A more comprehensive understanding of the range itself is needed--its forage, soil, and water supply, and factors influencing a proper distribution of livestock. The degree of utilization of forage that will result in the maintenance of excellent or good range condition and the improvement of a range in fair condition should be ascertained. Soil conservation on range lands is accomplished primarily by improvement of the vegetation. Mechanical devices, as contour furrows, structures for water spreading, etc., are ...