Toxic effects and ultrastructural damages to Daphnia magna of two differently sized ZnO nanoparticles: does size matter?
- N. Santo
- U. Fascio
- F. Torres
- N. Guazzoni
- P. Tremolada
- R. Bettinetti
- P. Mantecca
- R. Bacchetta
DOIAbstract
The toxic effects of two differently sized ZnO nanopowders have been studied in Daphnia magna using advanced microscopy techniques. Five nanoZnO suspensions (0.1, 0.33, 1, 3.3 and 10mg/L) were tested. The results of the 48-h acute toxicity tests performed with ZnO<100nm (bZnO) and ZnO<50nm (sZnO) showed slight effects, with EC50 values of 3.1 and 1.9mg/L for bZnO and sZnO, respectively. Specimens exposed to 1 and 3.3mg/L have been microscopically analysed and nanoparticles (NPs) from both concentrations have been found into midgut cells: i) in the microvilli; ii) in endocytic vesicles near the upper cell surface; iii) in some endosomes, as well as in mitochondria, in multivesicular and multilamellar bodies; iv) into the enterocytes' nuclei;...
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