Three-dimensional printing of PLA and PLA/PHA dumbbell-shaped specimens of crisscross and transverse patterns as promising materials in emerging application areas: Prediction study

This paper presentsex-anteexamination of advanced polymer materials to detect defects and define andminimize the potential failure of novel polymer products before they arise. The effect of build directionson the properties of dumbbell-shaped specimens obtained by three-dimensional printing from poly-lactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate commercialfilaments was investigated, as well as thehydrolytic degradation of these specimens at 50 Cand70 C. Taking into account previous studies, wehave found further dependences of the properties of 3D printed species before and during abioticdegradation from the orientation of printing. The initial assumption that only the contact time with the3D printer platform leads to an increase in the crystalline phase during printing turned out to beinsufficient. Further investigations of individual parts of the dumbbell-shaped specimens showed thatthe size of the specimens' surface in contact with the platform also affected the structural ordering of thematerial