Perceptions and Practices of Breastfeeding among Somalian Immigrant Women in Sweden

By providing optimal nutrition and health benefits to baby and mother, breastfeeding is the most favorable feeding option for infants. The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the perceptions and practices of breastfeeding among Somalian women living in Sweden after migration. Twenty-five Somalian immigrant women participated voluntarily. Data were collected from in-depth individual semi-structured interviews. The interviews took place in an adult school in Uppsala and homes in Uppsala and its surroundings. They were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used, and the Theory of Planned Behavior was the conceptual framework for the construction of categories and subcategories. Four categories emerged: (i) breastfeeding beneficial but doesn’t always work, (ii) effects of cultural and traditional beliefs, (iii) professional support by health care providers, and (vi) feeling stress after childbirth in the new country. The women perceived breastfeeding as positive, but several barriers led them to the combined use of formula and breastfeeding and the early introduction of supplementary food. Cultural, religious and traditional beliefs influenced their feeding practices. In conclusion, the women had not extensively changed their breastfeeding perceptions and practices due to the change of their environment; they mostly followed their cultural beliefs and traditions. Getting understanding of the women’s beliefs and practices is a first step for providing culturally informed health promotion. Antenatal care intervention programs for Somalis should involve the whole family and support breastfeeding by emphasizing its cultural and religious significance