The Effects of Reference Frames on 3D Menus in Virtual Environments

The emergence of affordable Head Mounted Displays (HMD) means Virtual Reality (VR) systems are now available to wider audiences. Other than the key target audience, gamers, groups as diverse as oil and gas industries, medical, military, entertainment and education have created demand for effective Virtual Environments (VE). To be effective certain VEs need to properly convey textual information. This is done using 3D menus. It is very important these menus are displayed in an ergonomic manner and do not obstruct important content. The study collected measures of user experience, comfort and memory recall. The study found that reference frames for 3D menus presenting textual information do not influence user experience or memory recall. However, there was a significant difference in user behavior between the reference frames, which has implications for repeated stress injury