Exploring Factors Related to Physical Activity and Adaptive Recreation for Youth with Physical Disabilites

The purpose of this study is to present a critical summary and evaluation of contemporary research on physical activity and adaptive recreation programs for youth with physical disabilities. The research questions that were asked include: 1) what are the potential benefits of and barriers to physical activity for youth with physical disabilities; 2) did the “Able, Active, Adaptive” conference increase participant awareness, knowledge, and interest of physical activity for people of all abilities; 3) what are the benefits of and barriers to physical activity for a family with a child that has a physical disability? The purpose of these studies was to use a mixed-methods approach to look at the benefits of and barriers to physical activity for youth with physical disabilities. The findings from the systematic literature review identified several benefits of physical activity 1) health benefits, 2) social benefits, 3) identity formation. There were seven barriers to participation identified 1) health, 2) lack of opportunities, 3) social environments/interactions, 4) knowledgeable coaches and staff, 5) identity formation, 6) investment. The findings from the “Able, Active, Adaptive” conference evaluation study found that community events can be effective methods of improving the awareness of community regarding adaptive recreation. However, this study was limited and was unable to determine causality. Awareness efforts alone are only the first step in health promote, events must seek changes in behaviors, responsiveness, and engagement. This study highlights the effects of community health promotion events while also emphasizes the need for future research and practice. The single case-study was conducted to identify the benefits of and barriers to physical activity for a child with a physical disability as understood from a parental perspective. The Positive Youth Development Five C’s framework was used for thematic analysis. Many of the benefits and barriers to physical activity closely aligned with the literature review. The studies were all limited in their approach but provided beneficial information that could be used for future research directions as well as for practitioners. The information can be used to make beneficial efforts in improving the physical activity opportunities for youth with physical disabilities