This PhD work deals with the study of new lamellar magnetic and luminescent organic-inorganic hybrid materials synthesized by hydrothermal process. These materials were obtained from 3d transition metal salts (Cu2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+) and low symmetric organic molecules bearing at least one phosphonic acid function grafted onto a rigid aromatic platform (phenyl or naphthalene). The choice of the metal cation as well as additional functions (halogen: F, Cl, Br, I, carboxylic acid or methyl) on these cyclic systems led to two-dimensional hybrid materials with various architectures and physical properties (luminescence, magnetism and/or magnetoelectric coupling). Understanding the interconnections between the structural and physical properties ...