Extreme temperatures and energy densities produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider provide a unique opportunity to study the properties of matter. A phase transition of the hadronic matter to a deconfined medium of quarks and gluons, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), is predicted by Quantum Chromodynamics and considerable theoretical and experimental efforts have been invested to study its properties. Among the prominent probes of the QGP, heavy quarks play a crucial role since they are created in primary hard-scattering processes, before the QGP formation, and their number is conserved throughout the partonic and hadronic phases of the collision. Bound states of heavyquarks – quarkonium (charmonium for c...