L'idea del bene in Hegel. Una teoria della normatività pratica.

The subject of this dissertation is the chapter on the idea of the good in Hegel’s Logic. In order to develop my interpretation, I try to demonstrate three main mutually related hypotheses: a) that the idea of the good concerns the relation between practical normativity and reality; b) that it is possible to read it as a metaethics, namely as an ontological, epistemological and methodological reflection about the domain of free agency; c) that it can successfully engage with the contemporary metaethical reflection. The dissertation is divided in four chapters. The first one provides the main coordinates to read and understand the idea of the good. The purpose of this chapter is most of all to show the relevance of the Hegelian analysis for a theory of practical normativity. Starting from this point, the thesis engages those that can be considered the three fundamental coordinates of the normativity: objectivity (in chapter 2), reality (in chapter 3), and truth (in chapter 4). The second chapter focuses on Hegel’s definition of the idea of the good as self-determination. The core of these pages is the comparison between Hegel’s text and the metaethical example of Kantian constructivism (Korsgaard). The third chapter examines the definition of the idea of the good as realization, by developing a comparison with the ethical position of projectivism (Mackie). The arrival point of both these analyses is the critics to ethical antirealism, namely to the conception for which reality has no moral charge and the domain of values and duties is restricted within the boundaries of the subjectivity. The fourth chapter lastly deals with the idea of the good under a double perspective: on one side, in relation to the idea of the true, on the other side, to its transition to the absolute idea. This analysis refers mainly to the ethical debate on non-cognitivism. According to Hegel’s affirmation that the practical idea can fulfil itself only if it assimilates the theoretical idea, we can read in an original way the relation between knowledge and will and, more generally, between normativity and reality