Surface characteristics and biological response of titanium oxide layer formed via micro-arc oxidation in K3PO4 and Na3PO4 electrolytes

The present work demonstrated the influence of phosphate electrolytes on surface characteristics and biological response of the titanium oxide layer formed via micro-arc oxidation coating. For this purpose, the present coatings were carried out on titanium samples using two different electrolytes containing Na3PO4 and K3PO4. The surface roughness of the oxide layer formed in K3PO4 electrolyte was higher than that in the Na3PO4 electrolyte. This was attributed to the higher fraction of the micropores in the oxide layer prepared by the K3PO4 electrolyte than that by the Na3PO4 electrolyte. From the results of simulated body fluid test, the precipitation and growth of amorphous calcium phosphate on the oxide layer formed in the K3PO4 electrolyte was superior to that in the Na3PO4 electrolyte due to the enhanced surface roughness. In addition, in vitro cell adhesion was triggered in case of the oxide layer formed in the K3PO4 electrolyte. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2011-0000345) and the Collaborative Research Program among industry, academia, and research institutes through the Korea Industrial Technology Association (KOITA) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (KOITA-2012)