An Efficient Energy Usage of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network may be installed where it is hard to access or where one has to constantly gather data without any human���s monitoring. Sensors which compose a sensor network are usually small with poor battery capacities and thus energy-efficient usage is very important because of difficulties in replacing or recharging the batteries to make the lifetime of the whole sensor network longer. LEACH protocol, a well-known hierarchical routing protocol, may resolve this problem by distributing the role of cluster header evenly to the sensor nodes in the whole area of network at each round. In this thesis, we introduce a variant of LEACH protocol which considers the distance between base station and sensors in the way that if a node is far from the base station then the probability that this node becomes a cluster header is low. Experiments to evaluate the energy efficiency and the ability to collect the information show that the proposed method in this paper has maintained much wider sensing area while keeping the energy efficiency same as LEACH