Pleiotropic roles of calumenin (calu-1), a calcium-binding ER luminal protein, in Caenorhabditis elegans

Calumenin is a Ca2+ binding protein localizing at the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although it has been implicated in various diseases, the in vivo functions of calumenin are largely unknown. Here, we report that calumenin has pleiotropic roles in muscle and cuticle function in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mutant analysis revealed that the calu-1 is required for regulating fertility, locomotion and body size. In addition, calu-1 is important for two behaviors, defecation and pharyngeal pumping, consistent with its ability to bind Ca2+. The genetic analysis further suggested the possibility that calu-1 regulates the pharyngeal pumping together with the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor encoded by itr-1. Taken together, our data suggest that calumenin is important for calcium signaling pathways in C. elegans. (C) 2009 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.We thank A. Coulson for cosmid M03F4, Dr. Yuji Kohara for cDNA, CGC for C. elegans strains, Dr. Shoei Mitani for calu-1(tm1783) and Dr. Baillie for providing the strains BC12836. The authors are grateful to Dr. Meenakshi Dwivedi for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Bio R&D program through the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (M10748000249-08N4800-24910)