Incidence of bacteraemia in HIV-infected children in Africa, and the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.From November 2002 to December 2006, a placebo-controlled, randomized trial investigated the incidence of tuberculosis and the overall mortality in a cohort of HIV-infected children in Cape Town, South Africa. They were randomized to receive either Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) or placebo. In addition, they were randomized to receive trimethoprim/sulfamethoxaxole prophylaxis on either a daily or a three-times-per-week schedule. The aim: To describe the incidence of bacteraemia, and the spectrum of organisms cultured. To determine if there was a difference in the incidence of bacteraemia between children using Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) versus placebo; and to determine if there was a difference in the incidence of bacteraemias between the groups using daily versus thrice-weekly trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole prophylaxis