LEGAL REGULATION AND USE OF DOGS IN PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES IN EUROPE AND SLOVENIA

V Evropi je v družbah za zasebno varovanje mogoče zaznati večjo uporabo službenih psov pri varovanju. V številnih evropskih državah v zasebno varnostnih družbah uporabljajo pse pri varovanju objektov kritične infrastrukture, gospodarskih objektov, letališč, pristanišč, železniških postaj, vhodov v določene objekte, trgovske centre, pri varovanju oseb in mestnih patruljah, kjer nadomeščajo policijo in intervencije. V diplomskem delu je zajetih 34 držav v Evropi. Psi se po zakonu ne smejo uporabljati le v štirih državah. Zasebni varnostniki v kar 13 državah niso dolžni slediti specializiranemu in obveznemu usposabljanju, da bi lahko uporabljali pse za opravljanje storitev zasebnega varovanja. Psi so namenjeni predvsem za odvračanje kaznivih dejanj ter za zaznavanje in odkrivanje oseb in snovi. Kurativno pa lahko le v redkih državah delujejo kot obrambni psi. Psi v družbah za zasebno varovanje se v grobem delijo na: pse za zaznavanje prisotnosti oseb, pse za zaznavanje prisotnosti snovi in obrambne pse. Splošno je znano, da je prisotnost psa in pasjega laježa že dovolj, da si oseba ne izbere te lokacije za tatvino, vandalizem, rop ali kakšno drugo kaznivo dejanje. Tako imajo psi za varovanje pomemben odvračalni učinek. V Sloveniji se po zakonu lahko uporabljata prva dva tipa psov. V Sloveniji je bil marca leta 2011 sprejet zakon, ki družbam za zasebno varovanje omogoča uporabo službenega psa. Do zdaj se ni še nobena družba odločila za njihovo uporabo. Menimo, da sta zakonodaja in program šolanja psov in vodnikov primerna in dobra. Izkazalo se je, da zasebno varnostne družbe v Sloveniji ne vidijo potreb po uveljavitvi uporabe službenih psov v svoje varovanje, ne želijo imeti težav, tveganj, dodatnega dela, ki jih uporaba psov prinese. Primerna predstavitev in razprava o učinkih varovanja s psi zagotovo puščata še veliko prostora.In Europe, in private security companies, greater use of security dogs is observed in the field of protection. In many European countries, dogs are used in private security companies to protect critical infrastructure facilities, commercial buildings, airports, ports, railway stations, entrances to certain facilities, shopping centers, personal protection, and city patrols where they replace police and interventions. The bachelor’s thesis covers 34 countries in Europe. According to the laws, dogs should not be used in only four countries. Private security officers are not required to follow specialized and obligatory training in order to be able to use dogs for the provision of private security services in as many as 13 countries. Dogs are primarily intended to deter criminals and to detect and deter persons and substances. Defense (personal protection) dogs can only be used in some countries. Dogs in private security companies are generally divided into dogs for detecting the presence of persons (patrol dogs), dogs for detecting the presence of substances, and defense dogs. It is generally known that the presence of a security dog and a dog bark has a good deterrent effect from selecting the location for theft, vandalism, robbery or some other criminal offenses. In Slovenia, the first two types of dogs can be used according to the law. In March 2011, a law was accepted in Slovenia, which allows private security companies to use the security dogs. So far, no company has decided to use them. We believe that the legislation and program for training dogs are appropriate and good. It turned out that private security companies in Slovenia do not see the need to enforce the use of security dogs in their protection. They do not want to have problems, risk and work additionally which is the consequence of the use of dogs. An adequate presentation and discussion of the effects of the protection with security dogs definitely allow a lot of space