IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINES BY USING MIXTURES OF CONVENTIONAL FOSSIL FUELS AND BIODIESEL

Uporaba goriva iz obnovljivih izvora energije nije više stvar opredjeljenja pojedinaca da na lokalnoj razini osobnim primjerom doprinesu smanjenju emisije zagađujućih tvari iz ispuha cestovnih vozila, već sveobuhvatna strategija i temelj unapređenja i razvoja globalnog energetskog sektora i ciljani doprinos smanjenju zagađenja okoliša. Kako bi se podcrtao značaj takvih opredjeljenja, u okviru međunarodnih sporazuma jasno se navode ciljevi koji se žele postići u budućnosti. Međutim, pri postavljanju ciljeva u pogledu povećanja obujma korištenja biodizela, treba voditi računa o dostupnosti takvog goriva i o mogućnosti njegove primjene u postojećem voznom parku. Budući da su izvori sirovine i tehnologije za dobivanje biodizela još uvijek na takvoj razini da ne mogu pokriti potrebe cjelokupnog tržišta, a i vozni park je prvenstveno prilagođen za korištenje konvencionalnog fosilnog goriva, prijelazno rješenje je upravo korištenje mješavine ova dva goriva. U okviru ovog rada razmatrana je uporaba mješavine konvencionalnog fosilnog dizel goriva i biodizela u dizelovim motorima s unutarnjim izgaranjem (SUI) namijenjenih za putna vozila. Analizirani su trendovi promjene energetskih (snaga, moment, specifična potrošnja goriva) i ekoloških (emisija zagađujućih tvari) performansi dizelovih motora u ovisnosti o postotnom udjelu biodizela u mješavini goriva.The use of fuels from renewable energy sources is no longer a matter of individual commitment to reduce emissions contributing to air pollution from exhausts of road vehicles, but a matter of comprehensive strategy to improve the foundation and development of the global energy sector, and to provide a targeted contribution to the reduction of environmental pollution. Underlying the importance of this determination, the framework of international agreements clearly states certain objectives to be achieved in the future. However, when setting targets for increasing the scope of use of biodiesel, it is important to take into account the availability of such fuel, as well as the possibilities of its application in the existing vehicle fleet. Given the fact that sources of raw feedstock and the technology for obtaining biodiesel are still at the level that cannot cover the needs of the entire market, coupled with the fact that the existing vehicle fleet is primarily suited for the use of conventional fossil fuels, using a mixture of these two fuels can be an interim solution. This paper considers the use of fuel blends of conventional fossil diesel fuel and bio diesel in diesel-powered internal combustion engines designed for on-road applications. It analyzes the trends of energy performance (power; torque; specific fuel consumption) and environmental properties of diesel engines (emissions of polluting substances), depending on the percentage of bio diesel in fuel blends