Natural variability and anthropogenic factors both contribute to changes in the ocean climate of the Baltic Sea. Observations over the past century indicate that changes in environmental settings and ocean climate have taken place, attracting considerable media attention and building public awareness of climate and environmental issues related to the Baltic Sea. These changes need to be seen in the context of a longer-term perspective to evaluate whether current conditions lie outside the expected boundaries of natural variability. Using a time-dependent, process-oriented, coupled basin model, this thesis examines the sensitivity of the Baltic Sea water and heat balance, investigating the variability of water temperature, ice cover, river r...
This chapter describes recent change in the circulation and stratification of the Baltic Sea. A rece...
Abstract Integrated sediment multiproxy studies and modeling were used to reconstruct past changes i...
In the Baltic Sea, salinity and its large variability, both horizontal and vertical, are key physica...
Highlights • Detailed analysis of temperature, salinity and oxygen variations in the Baltic Sea for...
Climate has always attracted considerable interest, and climate observations have been made in vario...
The warming trend for the entire globe (1850-2005) is 0.04°C per decade. A specific warming period s...
AbstractDuring the last decades, the Baltic Sea has been among the fastest warming seas in the world...
Temperature, salinity, sea ice and sea leve! in the Baltic Sea have been analyzed under different cl...
Properties of time-series of water temperature, salinity, river runoff, sea level and ice conditions...
Salinity and temperature variations in the Baltic proper and the Kattegat have been analyzed with a ...
This thesis comprises of model estimates of the water and heat budgets, re-estimating of the budget ...
A coupled ice–ocean model is utilized to investigate the transports of heat, salt and water in the B...
Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and rec...
Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and rec...
Climate change has a strong impact on ecosystem health, particularly in marginal seas(1) such as the...
This chapter describes recent change in the circulation and stratification of the Baltic Sea. A rece...
Abstract Integrated sediment multiproxy studies and modeling were used to reconstruct past changes i...
In the Baltic Sea, salinity and its large variability, both horizontal and vertical, are key physica...
Highlights • Detailed analysis of temperature, salinity and oxygen variations in the Baltic Sea for...
Climate has always attracted considerable interest, and climate observations have been made in vario...
The warming trend for the entire globe (1850-2005) is 0.04°C per decade. A specific warming period s...
AbstractDuring the last decades, the Baltic Sea has been among the fastest warming seas in the world...
Temperature, salinity, sea ice and sea leve! in the Baltic Sea have been analyzed under different cl...
Properties of time-series of water temperature, salinity, river runoff, sea level and ice conditions...
Salinity and temperature variations in the Baltic proper and the Kattegat have been analyzed with a ...
This thesis comprises of model estimates of the water and heat budgets, re-estimating of the budget ...
A coupled ice–ocean model is utilized to investigate the transports of heat, salt and water in the B...
Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and rec...
Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and rec...
Climate change has a strong impact on ecosystem health, particularly in marginal seas(1) such as the...
This chapter describes recent change in the circulation and stratification of the Baltic Sea. A rece...
Abstract Integrated sediment multiproxy studies and modeling were used to reconstruct past changes i...
In the Baltic Sea, salinity and its large variability, both horizontal and vertical, are key physica...