Marine Cadastre, Marine Spatial Planning and Marine Strategy: Effective tools to fight climate change and human impact on marine biodiversity.

The Marine Spatial Planning Directive (Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014) refers to the process of allocating or developing a public allocation plan to distribute, spatially or temporally human activities (human impact) in marine areas. By creating a framework for consistent, transparent, sustainable and evidence-based decision-making, Maritime spatial planning surely will contribute to the effective management of marine activities and the sustainable use of marine and coastal resources. Therefore, climate change can be fought if human impact on marine and coastal areas is prevented accordingly. In this regard, by implementing a solid Marine Strategy Framework using satellite imagery data obtained using remote sensing techniques and creating Marine Cadastral Areas, ocean biodiversity could be given a chance to rebound from human impact. At the moment, the escalating Human impact on marine mammals and marine life, in general, is brutal: Hunting, extermination programs, climate change, spread of diseases and exotic species illegal trade, deforestation, habitat fragmentation, urbanization, desertification, overfishing (depleted fish populations between 50 and 90%), overharvesting, altering food chains and marine mammal migration patterns, less sea ice (decline in seal and polar bear population) are taking us to disaster if things do not change. We might face an unbearable marine extinction if triggering factors do not refrain from rising: Abrupt carbon isotope rising patterns / Ocean acidification (ongoing decrease in Earth's oceans pH (– o.1), caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is notorious. If 450 ppm is reached the then = point of no return)?. 30% Increase in Hydrogen. 2040 estimate deadline. Humankind shall act now, tomorrow might be too late for some species.peerReviewe