Obstetric Phenotypes in the Heterogeneity of Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder with genetic and environmental components. Obstetric complications (OCs) are one of the most common environmental risk factors described. However, despite being different in timing and outcome, OCs are usually described as a homogeneous entity. In the present study, we evaluate the presence of different patterns of OCs evaluated with the Lewis-Murray Scale in chronic schizophrenia patients (n = 101) and their association with a crude marker of the intrauterine environment such as weight at birth.OCs related with abnormal fetal growth (p < 0.001) and OCs during gestation (p = 0.003) were associated with lower birth weight. However, difficulties in delivery, complications in pregnancy, and OCs all together (as a set) were not associated with weight at birth.Our results infer that OCs cannot be taken as a homogeneous group. Different patterns of OCs result in different birth weights, which is associated with specific metabolic, cognitive, and brain structure outcomes.This work was supported by the Government of Catalonia, Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement (2014SGR441), with the grants FI-DGR-2013 Contract of the Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (2015 FI_B2 00100) and from Fundació Bosch Gimpera (FBG) within the RETOS COLABORACIÓN 2015, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Competitiveness (RTC-2015-3440-1) to G. Mezquida. Dr. Bernardo has been supported by research funding from the Spanish Ministry of Health, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, the Spanish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Competitiveness, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), by Secretaria d'Universitat i Recerca del Departament d'Economia I Coneixement (2014SGR441), Foundation European Group for Research In Schizophrenia (EGRIS), and the 7th Framework Program of the European Union. Dr. Garcia-Rizo is supported by the PI14/00753 project, integrated into the State Plan of Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013–2016 and co-financed by the ISCIII-General Evaluation Branch and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Dr. Bobes is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, the Spanish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Competitiveness and CIBERSAM. Dr. Paz-Portilla has been also supported by the European Commission, ISCIII-General Evaluation Branch and CIBERSAM. Dr. Savulich is funded by a grant from Eton College and theWallitt Foundation. Dr. Fernanez-Egea is supported, in part, by the NIRH-Biomedical Research Center, Cambridge