Chaotic dynamics in shear-thickening surfactant solutions

We report the observation of dynamical behaviour in dilute, aqueous solutions of a surfactant CTAT (cetyl trimethylammonium p-toluenesulphonate), below the overlap concentration $c^*$. At these concentrations, CTAT forms cylindrical micelles and shows a pronounced shear-thickening transition above a concentration-dependent critical shear rate $\dot{\gamma}_c$. An analysis of the time-series of the stress relaxations at controlled shear rates in the shear-thickening regime shows the existence of correlation dimensions greater than two and positive Lyapunov exponents. This indicates the existence of deterministic chaos in the dynamics of stress relaxation at these concentrations and shear rates. The observed chaotic behaviour may be attributed to the stick-slip between the shear-induced structure (SIS) formed in the sheared surfactant solution and the coexisting dilute phase. At even higher shear rates, when the SIS spans the Couette, there is a transition to higher-dimensional dynamics arising out of the breakage and recombination of the SIS