Effect of Grid Voltage and Frequency Variations on the Output of Wind Generators

This article presents a study of the effect of voltage and frequency variation on the power output of the stall- and pitch-regulated fixed speed as well as the variable-speed wind-turbine generators (WGs). This study has been carried out using the steady-state model of each of these types of WGs. Each of these models facilitates the computation of the power output of the corresponding WG for a given voltage and frequency, considering the steady-state characteristics of the wind turbine, generator, and the controllers (where present). Simulation studies have been carried out to investigate the impact of frequency variation at nominal voltage and also the combined voltage and frequency variation