Pseudomonas syringae – patogen voćaka u Srbiji

Data about symptomatology, pathogenicity and bacteriological characteristics of Pseudomonas syringae, and PCR methods for fast and reliable detection of the pathogen are given in this paper. P. syringae has been experimentaly proved as a pathogen of pear, apple, apricot, plum cherry, and raspberry, and pathogen strains have also been isolated from necrotic peach buds. Two pathogen varieties, syringae and morsprunorum, were found in our research in Serbia, the former being dominant on fruit trees The most reliable method for detection of this bacteria is PCR, using BOX and REP primers. This method has also revealed significant differences among the strains originating from fruit trees in Serbia. Thus, it was proved that the population of P. syringae in Serbia is heterogeneous, which is very important for future epidemiologocal studies. Control of this pathogen includes mechanical, cultural and chemical measures, but integrated approach is very important for sustainable control.U radu su saopšteni rezultati višegodišnjih proučavanja fitopatogene bakterije Pseudomonas syringae, parazita voćaka u Srbiji. Detaljno su opisani simptomi koje bakterija prouzrokuje na voćkama, proučene karakteristike izolovanih sojeva, pouzdane metode detekcije patogena, i opisane njegove epidemiološke karakteristike i prikazane raspoložive i ekonomski opravdane mere suzbijanja. P. syringae je u Srbiji eksperimentalno potvrđen kao patogen kajsije, kruške, jabuke, šljive, višnje, trešnje, breskve i maline. Proučavanjem izolovanih sojeva zaključeno je da kao patogen voćaka dominira patogeni varijetet syringae, a izolati poreklom iz nekrotičnog tkiva pupoljka trešnje i šljive pripadaju patogenom varijetetu morsprunorum. Primenom odgovarajućih testova patogenosti, diferencijalnih biohemijskih testova i PCR metode korišćenjem BOX i REP prajmera moguća je uspešna detekcija bakterije P. syringae poreklom sa voćaka u Srbiji. Primenom ove metode konstatovane su i razlike među sojevima poreklom sa različitih domaćina što je izuzetno značajno za dalje proučavanje P. syringae i razrade mera njegovog suzbijanja