Važni aspekti toplovodne akvakulture u Izraelu

Toplovodno ribarstvo u Izraelu je održalo kontinuirani rast tokom proteklih 20 godina i pretpostavka je da će se takav konstantan i zdrav nivo rasta obima i vrednost održati tokom Brzi razvoj akvakulture u ovoj zemlji je nastao kao rezultat značajnih i ciljanih istraživačkih aktivnosti, uglavnom u oblasti reprodukcije, gajenja larvi, proizvodnje riblje hrane i inovativnih inženjerskih tehnologija, primenjenih na slatkovodne i marinske sisteme. Skorašni razvoj inženjerske tehnologije je rezultat modifikacija i razvoja postojećih mogućnosti na farmama (npr. recirukulacija vode na suvozemnim instalacijama) kao i razvoja novih koncepata na farmama (npr. udaljeni uronjeni kavezni sistemi). Kao rezultat ovakvog razvoja, akvaktultura u Izraelu se danas karakteriše širokim opsegom novih i inovativnih produkcionih aktivnosti vezanih kako za marinske tako i za slatkovodne vrste, koje koegzistiraju u različitim okruženjima i koriste veliki broj različith tehnologija; od ekstenzivnih do visoko intenzivnih proizvodnih sistema, super – intenzivnih recirkulacionih sistema do kaveznog gajenja riba. Kada je u pitanju broj gajenih vrsta, tokom poslednje dve decenije u sektoru akvakulture u Izraelu postoji jasna tendencija ka povećanju broja gajenih vrsta. Kao rezultat toga, proizvodnja u akvakulturi nije samo rezultat povećanja ukupnog obima proizvodnje, već i rezultat gajenja velikog broja različitih jestivih i ukrasnih marinskih i slatkovodnih vrsta riba. Gajenje ukrasnih riba, mada i dalje mali deo industrije, je verovatno jedna od najbrže rastućih i tehnološki najnaprednih grana u ovom sektoru. U ovoj prezentaciji izneću neke od najnaprednijih tehnologija koje su počele da se primenjuju tokom poslednje dekade, u slatkovodnim i morskim sistemima, kao i nove jestive i ukrasne vrste koje su počele da se gaje i koje su potpomogle brzi rast ovog sektora.Culture of warmwater aquatic species in Israel has sustained continues growth through the past 20 years and is expected to maintain steady and healthy growth both in volume and value throughout the next decade period and beyond. The rapid development of the aquaculture industry in this country has developed as a result of significant and focused research activities, mainly in the fields of reproduction, larval culture, feed manufacturing and innovative engineering technology, applied to both freshwater and marine environments. The recent developments of engineering technology has evolved as a result of the modifications and development of existing farming facilities (e.g. water recirculation for land based installations) and the development of new farming concepts (e.g. off-shore submerged netcage technology). As a consequence of these developments, aquaculture in Israel is now characterized by a wide-range of new and innovative production activities of both marine and freshwater species, co-existing in different environments and using a variety of production technologies; from extensive fish production systems to highly intensive raceways, super – intensive recirculated systems or netcage fish farming. In the evolution of the number of cultured species in the latest two decades in the Israeli aquaculture sector, there has been a clear tendency towards diversification. As result, Aquaculture production not only accounts for an increasing share of the total supply in volume, but also in the wide variety of farmed edible and ornamental fish species, both in marine and freshwater environments. Ornamental fish farming, although stilll a small fraction of the industry is probably the most rapidly developing and most technologically advanced niche in this sector. In this presentation, I will highlight some of the more advanced technologies which have been introduced during the last decade, both inland and in marine environments, as well as newly introduced edible and ornamental species which have facilitated the rapid growth of the sector