In vitro propagation of Dianthus ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus and D. giganteus ssp. croaticus (Caryophyllaceae) from stem segment cultures

Plant regeneration of carnation species Dianthus ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus and Dianthus giganteus ssp. croaticus was achieved through micropropagation from apical and nodal segments culture on MS2. Shoots multiplication was successful on the same medium via axillary buds. There were differences between multiplication index (MI) of shoots originating from apical and nodal basal stem segments. Nodal segment shoots had a better MI (D. ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus = 7.86; D. giganteus ssp. croaticus = 0.68) than apical ones (D. ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus = 6.94; D. giganteus ssp. croaticus = 0.50). Shoots of both species were rooted on MS0 without hormones, MS3 and MS4. Adventitious buds (AB) and somatic embryo like structures (ES) were formed after the transfer of green-yellow callus from MS5 to MS6. Further development and multiplication of AB and ES were achieved on medium MS7. Plants formation was brought about by micropropagation of shoots, organogenesis and/or somatic embryogenesis. In vitro plantlets of both carnation species were planted in rocky garden of the Belgrade Botanical Garden 'Jevremovac' where they bloomed. Subsequently, these in vitro plantlets will be reintroduced in natural environment. .Regeneracija biljaka je postignuta u kulturi vršnih i nodalnih segmenata na podlozi MS2. Umnožavanje izdanaka je bilo uspešno na istoj podlozi preko aksilarnih izdanaka. Multiplikacioni indeks (MI) izdanaka vršnih segmenta razlikovao se od MI izdanaka nodalnih segmenata. Izdanci poreklom od nodalnih segmenata imali su bolji MI (D. ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus = 7.86; D. giganteus ssp. croaticus = 0.68) od apikalnih segmenata (D. ciliatus ssp. dalmaticus = 6.94; D. giganteus ssp. croaticus = 0.50). Kod obe vrste, izdanci su bili ožiljavani na MS0 podlozi bez hormona, i sa hormonima na MS3 i MS4. Adventivni pupoljci (AB) i strukture slične embrionu (ES) su bili formirani posle prenošenja žuto-zelenog kalusa sa podloge MS5 na podlogu MS6. Dalje razviće i umnožavanje (AB) i (ES) odvijalo se na podlozi MS7. Formiranje biljaka je postignuto mikroprpagacijom izdanaka, organogenezom i/ili somatskom embriogenezom. In vitro biljčice karanfila obe vrste su bile prenete u alpinetum Botaničke bašte 'Jevremovac' u Beogradu gde su cvetale. U budućnosti, ove biljke mogu se reintrodukovati u prirodno stanište. .Projekat ministarstva br. 1573 + Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 14301