Chemical variability and biological activity of the essential oil of species Seseli rigidum Waldst. & Kit. (Apiaceae)

Predmet doktorske disertacije je hemijska karakterizacija i ispitivanje varijabilnosti sastava etarskog ulja vrste Seseli rigidum sa prirodnih staništa u Srbiji. Devesilje, S. rigidum je subendemična biljka raprostranjena na prostoru Balkanskog poluostrva, Rumunije i Ukrajine. Uvidom u literaturne podatke, utvrđeno je da su dosadašnja ispitivanja obuhvatila ispitivanja zbirnog uzorka etarskog ulja herbe i ploda devesilja sa pojedinačnog lokaliteta. Iako su poliacetileni rasprostranjeni u pripadnicima familije Apiaceae, njihovo prisustvo u vrsti S. rigidum do sada nije utvrđeno. Takođe, različite vrste roda Seseli primenjuju se u tradicionalnoj medicini, a biološka aktivnost etarskog ulja vrste S. rigidum nije proučavana. Uzorci vrste S. rigidum sakupljani su sa sedam lokaliteta u istočnoj i zapadnoj Srbiji, tokom dvogodišnjeg perioda, u različitim fazama razvoja biljke. Pri svakom uzorkovanju prikupljeno je deset individualnih uzoraka i jedan zbirni uzorak. Etarsko ulje je izolovano destilacijom pomoću vodene pare. Svaki uzorak ulja analiziran je GC i GC-MS metodom. Statistička analiza dobijenih podataka o sastojcima etarskog ulja i njihovom međusobnom odnosu obuhvatala je: preračun osnovnih statističkih parametara, analizu varijanse (ANOVA), analizu korelacije, analizu glavnih komponenti (PCA), diskriminantnu analizu (CDA) i klaster analizu. Na osnovu obrađenih podataka (183 komponente) o sastavu etarskog ulja za 206 individualnih uzoraka (pojedinačnih biljaka) S. rigidum, utvrđena su glavna jedinjenja koja karakterišu ovu biljnu vrstu: falkarinol (do 95,3%), sabinen (do 69,1%), α-pinen (do 65,6%), limonen (do 43,4%), β-felandren (do 37,5%), germakren B (do 33,3%), karotol (do 21,9%), germakren D (do 19,9%) i β-seskvifelandren (do 19,7%). Kada se posmatra etarsko ulje korena, posle obrade podataka za sve uzorke ulja koji su dobijeni iz ovog biljnog organa (68 individualnih uzoraka), može se zaključiti da su najvažniji sastojci: falkarinol (29,4-95,3%), α-pinen (0-15,4%), δ-amorfen (0- 12,6%), sabinen (0-11,4%), 3-butil-ftalid (0-11,3%) i β-seskvifelandren (0-10,5%)...The object of the doctoral dissertation was chemical characterisation and investigation of the variability of composition of the essential oil of species Seseli rigidum from natural habitats in Serbia. Seseli rigidum is a subendemic plant native to the Balkan Peninsula, Romania and Ukraine. In the former reports only the essential oil of a collective sample from single locality from the aerial parts and fruit of S. rigidum were investigated. Although the polyacetilene compounds are widespread in the species of Apiaceae family, their presence in the species S. rigidum was not confirmed. Also, despite the traditional uses of the different species of the genus Seseli, the biological activity of the essential oil of the species S. rigidum was not researched. The samples of S. rigidum were collected from the seven localities in Eastern and Western Serbia, during two years, in the different phases of the plant development. Ten individual and one collective sample were obtained during the each sampling. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation. Samples of essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. The statistical analysis of obtained data of the essential oil components and their relationships included: the calculations of the basic statistical parameters, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and cluster analysis. Main compounds characteristic for species S. rigidum based on the data (183 components) of the essential oil composition for 206 individual samples (individual plants) were: falcarinol (to 95.3%), sabinene (to 69.1%), α-pinene (to 65.6%), limonene (to 43.4%), β-phellandrene (to 37.5%), germacrene B (to 33.3%), carotol (to 21.9%), germacrene D (to 19.9%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (to 19.7%). In the essential oil of all 68 individual samples of the root: falcarinol (29.4- 95.3%), α-pinene (0-15.4%), δ-amorphene (0-12.6%), sabinene (0-11.4%), 3-butylphthalide (0-11.3%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (0-10.5%) were predominant. Falcarinol was dominant compound in the essential oil of root..