Psychological factors influencing bystander role behaviors in adolescent cyberbullying

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SNS??? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????. ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????. ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????. ???????????? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????????. ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????, ?????? ??????, ????????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? 432?????? ????????? 390???, ??? 822?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????. ??????????????? ????????? ??????. ??????, ?????? ??????????????? 822??? ????????? ?????? 1?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? 244????????????. 244?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?????????(43.4%), ?????????(32.1%), ?????????(20.8%), ?????? ??????(3.8%) ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????, ???????????? ???????????? ?????????(36.2%), ?????????(36.2%), ?????????(26.1%), ?????? ??????(5.8%) ????????? ????????????. ??????, ??? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????, ??????????????? ?????????, ????????? ?????????, ????????? ??????, ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????. ??????, ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????.Since the spread of smart phones, direct form of bullying such as extorting money, physical assault has decreased recently, whereas indirect form of bullying which uses internet or SNS, so called cyber bullying has increased dramatically. So cyber bullying has become an important issue as a serious youth problem. As in traditional bulling, there are many bystanders as well as perpetrators and victims in the cyberbullying situation. Bystanders play a critical role in the maintenance or reduction of bullying behavior. The potentially unlimited audience in the online world suggests that the role of bystanders may be particularly important in cyber bullying. However, little is known about the bystanders witnessing cyberbullying that can increase or decrease their support for victims. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological factors: moral emotion, attribution style, defender Self-efficacy, self-perceived social status, influencing behavioral reactions of bystanders witnessing cyberbullying in terms of gender after divides the bystader roles into defenders, outsiders, and bully-followers. Also, this study tried to find out how the clusters are classified under the type of cyberbullying bystanders roles using cluster analysis. For the purpose, total of 822 middle school students, 432 male and 390 female, in Seoul and Gyeonggi area participated in the study. Results are as followed. First, there were 244 respondents who reported that they had witnessed the cyberbullying situation in the past year. The distribution of cyberbullying bystander???s role types was showed that the ratio of boys was outsider(43.4%), bully-follower(32.1%), defender(20.8%), and no role(3.8%) and the ratio of girls was bully-follower(36.2%), outsider(36.2%), defender(26.1%), and no role (5.8%). Second, all psychological factors influenced behavioral reactions of cyberbullying bystanders. Especially, guilt-proneness, defender self-efficacy, victim attribution, and bully attribution were identified as important factors in predicting bystander role types in cyberbullying for both gender. Third, there was a difference according to gender in the variables predicting bully-follower behavior. High both attribution and low defender self-efficacy did not affect boys pro-bullying behavior, but predicted only girls' pro-bullying behavior. High self-perceived social status only predicted only boys' pro-bullying behavior. Based on these results, we discussed the effective prevention and intervention of cyberbullying.Maste