Aspects and effects of exercise training on the physical activity level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性閉塞性肺疾患（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : COPD）患者は健常者に比べて身体活動性が低く，身体活動性の低下は再入院や死亡の危険因子であるとされている．身体活動性の問題は重要であり，関係する医療者は，適切な測定方法を選択すること，低下の経緯とこれに関連する要因や影響を及ぼす症状と予後を理解すること，非活動な生活習慣の是正のための考案をすることが求められる．本稿の目的は，COPD患者における身体活動性低下の様相，身体活動性に対する運動トレーニングの介入効果について言及することである．COPD患者の身体活動性は，人生の期間で早期から徐々に低下する．病態や臨床症状と関連し，症状を悪化させて生命予後に影響するため，身体活動性を高める試みがなされている．しかし，身体活動という生活習慣の改善が予後に影響するか否か不明であるなどの問題が残されており，COPD患者の人生の長期的な期間における経過や介入効果のさらなる検討が重要である．Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）have less physical activity than healthy individuals, and a decline in physical activity is considered to be a risk factor for readmission or mortality. Problems with physical activity must be addressed, and the relevant medical staff members are required to select appropriate measurement method, to understand the background of decline, to understand factors related to this, the symptoms and prognosis that affects it, to devise to improve the inactive lifestyle. The purpose of this review is to describe the aspect of declining physical activity and the intervention effects of exercise training on physical activity in patients with COPD. The physical activity of COPD patients gradually decreases relatively early in life. Attempts are being made to increase these patients’physical activity, as such a decline is associated with pathological conditions and clinical symptoms and exacerbates present symptoms, thereby affecting the prognosis. However, problems remain,such as uncertainty regarding whether or not improving the physical activity influences the prognosis, and further studies on the long-term course and intervention effects in COPD patients are needed