Розуміння потреб студентів у викладанні англійської мови професійного спрямування

Сучасні підходи до специфічного викладання англійської мови вимагають постійного вдосконалення, оскільки останні роки відзначається зростаюча глобальна тенденція розвитку комунікації й застосування мов у різних сферах. З одного боку більшість підходів орієнтовані на професійний контекст. З іншого боку проблема полягає в нестачі академічних годин для детального викладання, що є результатом зниження якості і втрати мотивації студентів. У даній роботі розглядається аналіз потреб студентів, необхідність проведення такого аналізу перед початком курсу англійської мови для професійного спрямування. Робота дає літературний огляд типів потреб студентів.The objectives of this study are to define the needs analysis, to review recent research into the importance of needs analysis and to provide a conceptual theoretical framework based on types of needs. In order to achieve the goal, the methods of providing literature review were used: confirmation of the hypothesis and fulfillment of the research tasks, a complex of modern theoretical methods of research and approaches was used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, systematization, comparison, generalization, which allowed to develop scientific sources, to determine the essence and features of needs analysis, to justify the advantages and shortcomings. This study has reported on the structured definition of needs analysis, presenting different interpretations and componential analysis. This study has also defined the reasons for necessity of providing the needs analysis. The objective of this is to identify the training gap in needs analysis. Furthermore, the literature review has presented the classification of types of needs. They are distinguished as personal, learning and professional. There have been analyzed a number of studies with different structures which have been completed by the authors according to the requirements of time and modern system of ELT. There has been presented the detailed subdivision of target needs into necessities, lacks and wants and more complicated and recent analysis of target needs in the frame of personal and social requirements. Consistent with recent research advocating the identifying needs analysis, our findings indicate that this is a process of defining the training gap between the starting point of where the learners are at present and the target point where they need to be. The process between these two points is called the learning needs, in ESP particularly language competence. Our findings highlight the main identifications of types of needs in the light of personal, learning and professional needs. We also reported on the necessary reasons for using needs analysis in the ESP teaching before designing a course. We are not yet in position to offer the unique classification of needs, which would fit the modern requirements in ESP. This review provides implications for developing the completed questionnaires for identifying the personal, learning and professional needs. Different ways of leaning present one of the main limitations of this study. The definite relationships are present between the types of needs and different models in the educational process. Future work is needed to develop the questionnaire about needs of learners and providing needs analysis in different ways; personal, learning and professional