Dissolved domoic acid in the East Atlantic

Domoic acid, a neurotoxin to vertebrates predominantly produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia has been suggested to serve as an organic ligand. By binding iron and copper, it could increase their solubility and bioavailability. Domoic acid has to be released by the cells to serve this function and thus occur dissolved in sea water. Samples were pre-concentrated and desalted using solid-phase extraction, a procedure commonly applied for dissolved organic matter. Dissolved domoic acid was quantified in the East Atlantic, where it occurred ubiquitously, especially in the ocean surface. The maximum domoic acid concentration measured was 173 pmol L-1 and the average domoic acid carbon yield was 7.7 ppm. Both, carbon yield and dissolved domoic acid concentration, decreased with increasing water depth. Samples were taken during the cruise PS73 (ANT-XXV) on RV Polarstern. The extraction efficiency of domoic acid was 91%. The detection limit for solid-phase extractable domoic acid (DA-SPE) was 10 pmol L-1 and limit of quantification was 26 pmol L-1. Domoic acid concentrations below the limit of detection are marked as <LOD and concentrations below limit of quantification are marked as