Chronology, (bio-)geochemical, sedimentary, stable isotope, pollen, and tephrochronologic data of Lake Ohrid's DEEP site sequence (5045-1) between 447.12 m and the sediment surface in concert with transient climate simulations

This dataset presents the chronological framework, (bio-)geochemical, mineralogic stable isotope, pollen, and tephrochronologic data of the upper 448 m of the DEEP site (5045-1) sediment sequence recovered from the central part of Lake Ohrid (Macedonia, Albania) under the umbrella of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and the project Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid (SCOPSCO). The investigated interval comprises fine-grained muds with intercalated tephra layers and mass movement deposits of mostly less than 5 cm thickness. Two tephra layers of thicknesses more than 5 cm were excluded prior to age-depth modelling, which is based on tephrostratigraphy, tephrochronology, magnetostratigraphy, and tuning of biogeochemical proxy data versus local orbital parameters. (Bio-)geochemical analyses comprise X-Ray fluorescence scanning at 2.5 mm resolution (Potassium and Calcium intensities), and total inorganic carbon (TOC) and total organic carbon (TOC) determinations at 16 cm resolution. The relative abundance of quartz minerals (Quartz peak area, 16 cm resolution) was detected by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIRS). Oxygen and carbon stable isotope were analysed on (interglacial) sediments where endogenic calcite crystals were found to be abundant. Pollen data presented herein at 64 cm resolution comprise a sub-dataset of the total pollen counts and presents relative percentages of arboreal taxa minus pine (AP-pine), and of deciduous oaks, respectively. Tephrochronologic data comprises geochemical fingerprint analyses of individual glass shards found in the sediments of Lake Ohrid, and a new Ar/Ar age for tephra V5 from the Montalbano Jonico section. Climate time series data are derived from a transient 784 ka simulation using the earth system model LOVECLIM as well as NOAA reanalysis precipitation data of the Lake Ohrid region for the tim period 1979-2017