Between respondere and imputatio : Martin Heidegger and Józef Tischner's hermeneutic of responsibility in the horizon of ontology, agathology and axiology

Although "responsibility" has become a common concept, it has only recently started to have been examined from a research perspective. Most often, it is understood as answering for an act or making a decision, while it is primarily the attempt to answer for the basic reference of a man to himself and other people that is the essence of responsibility. This book discusses the problem of responsibility as defined by Heidegger, who associates it with an ontological question about possessing one's own being. It is only on the basis of being that it is possible to capture a key concept in an ethical or legal sense. Heidegger does not deal with responsibility in these meanings, but presents it on the basis of the source experience of possessing one's own being. In addition to the Heidegger approach, the book also depicts the Tischner's thoughts on the matter. Unlike Heidegger, Tischner sees the source of the experience of responsibility on an ethical level, in meetings with other men. At first sight, it seems that both approaches differ from each other, but the question about the source makes Tischner's interpretation important from the ontological perspective. However, it is preceded by agathological experience, which is a kind of openness, empathy - it grows from the lack of consent to the suffering of another person, and the desire to transform their suffering by engaging in changing the world in which "what is" will be the same as "what should be"