This doctoral work presents an experimental investigation into the mechanisms governing the macroscopic response of sand-pile interface during monotonic installation and subsequent axial cyclic loading. An innovative approach combining x-ray tomography and advanced image analysis tools is employed to extract information at different scales, including the micro-scale. A quantitative analysis of the behavior of individual sand grains in the vicinity of the pile offers valuable three-dimensional (3D) data set against which theoretical or numerical approaches could be tested.A series of tests is run on an instrumented close-ended conical model pile installed by monotonic jacking in a dense calcareous sand sample. Following the installation, the...