International audienceUsing survey data, this paper examines the effect of populist attitudes on voting for populist candidates in the first round of the 2017 French presidential election. It finds that populism significantly increases the probability to vote for the main populist candidates, Marine Le Pen and Jean-Luc Mélenchon, in addition to the more substantial ideologies to which populism attaches itself, in particular left-right ideological identification. Moreover, the paper shows that populism works as a “substitute”: its effect on the support for populist candidates is more pronounced amongst voters at the centre of the main dimensions of electoral competition, with weaker political affiliations or less extreme issue positions.À pa...