This dissertation addresses hyperspectral image analysis, a set of techniques enabling exploitation of micro-spectroscopy images. Images produced by these sensors constitute cubic arrays, meaning that every pixel in the image is actually a spectrum.The size of these images, which is often quite large, calls for an upgrade for classical image analysis algorithms.We start out our investigation with clustering techniques. The main idea is to regroup every spectrum contained in a hyperspectralimage into homogeneous clusters. Spectrums taken across the image can indeed be generated by similar materials, and hence display spectral signatures resembling each other. Clustering is a commonly used method in data analysis. It belongs nonetheless to a ...