Adjustment of the vocal tract shape via biofeedback: A case study

In this study, an adjustment of the vocal tract shape toward selected sound waves in the frequency range of the first and second formants without phonation is discussed. The sound waves of a loudspeaker in front of the open mouth and amplified by the vocal tract are used as biofeedback signals. It is shown that the resonance amplification of the vocal tract complies with the concept of forced oscillation, with the driver being the sound source and the resonator being the vocal tract. An adjustment toward increased amplification via vocal tract resonance can be related to smaller bandwidths and lower damping. Furthermore, the applied adjustment frequencies are preserved as vocal tract resonances during exhalation and even phonation. This novel form of biofeedback might enrich standard voice training procedures by exercises without phonation