Analysis of principles and laws in software engineering

V magistrskem delu smo naslovili teoretične osnove programskega inženirstva. Identificirali smo ključne izzive in značilnosti posameznih obdobij evolucije programskega inženirstva od obvladovanja strojev preko obvladovanja procesov, kompleksnosti, komunikacije in produktivnosti do obvladovanja trga. Na osnovi pregleda literature smo identificirali najpogosteje uporabljene principe, to so modularnost, abstrakcija, ločevanje vidikov, predvidevanje sprememb, splošnost in inkrementalni razvoj. Zbrali in analizirali smo 64 zakonov, ki so bili predlagani na področju razvoja programske opreme ter ugotovili, da ne sovpadajo z ključnimi izzivi posameznih obdobij evolucije programskega inženirstva. Ugotovili smo tudi, da ne obstajajo sprejete in veljavne splošne teorije programskega inženirstva, kar dodatno kaže določeno na pomanjkanje znanstvenih osnov te inženirske discipline.In this master’s thesis we addressed theoretical basics of software engineering. We identified key challenges and characteristics of individual periods of software development evolution, from machine control through process control, complexity, communication and productivity to market management. On the basis of literature review we identified the most commonly used principles, these are modularity, abstraction, separation of aspects, anticipation of change, generality and incremental development. We collected and analysed 64 laws that were proposed in the field of software development and found that they do not coincide with the key challenges of individual periods of software engineering evolution. We also found that there are no universal accepted and valid software engineering theories, which even further points to the lack of scientific basics of this engineering discipline