Automation of Small Hydropower Plant Belaj

V diplomskem delu je opisana avtomatizacija male hidroelektrarne Belaj. Mala hidroelektrarna Belaj je pretočna hidroelektrarna z inštalirano močjo 20 kW. Ima eno delujočo Francisovo turbino in asinhronski motor s kratkostično kletko, ki deluje kot generator. Avtomatizacija elektrarne je izvedena z industrijskim krmilnikom Siemens S7-1212, operaterskim panelom Siemens Basic KTP600 in ostalo pripadajočo opremo. Namen avtomatizacije je učinkovito in varno upravljanje elektrarne brez prisotnosti človeka - operaterja. To pomeni, da avtomatika poskrbi za optimalni izkoristek turbine, poskrbi za delovanje elektrarne ter varno zaustavitev elektrarne ob nenadnih dogodkih, kot je izpad električnega omrežja, nenadni dvig gladine vode ali izpad pogonskega jermena med turbino in generatorjem. Za upravljanje elektrarne v strojnici hidroelektrarne služi operaterski panel, ki prikazuje vsa trenutna stanja hidroelektrarne in omogoča upravljanje le-te, ter nastavitve raznih parametrov (npr.: nastavitev parametrov PID regulatorja turbine, časa delovanja čistilne naprave,..). Za obveščanje uporabnika o ključnih parametrih elektrarne skrbi GSM modul, ki preko sms-a pošlje obvestilo o trenutnem stanju elektrarne ali o nedovoljenih stanjih parametrov (npr.: previsok nivo vode v rečnem kanalu). MHE Belaj je bila po uspešno prestanem testiranju in opravljenih ustreznih meritvah predana v obratovanje in služi svojemu namenu, to je proizvodnji električne energije.The thesis describes the automatisation of the small hydro power plant MHE Belaj. The MHE Belaj hydro power plant is a flow-through power plant with an installed power of 20 kW, has one operating Francis turbine and an asynchronous machine with squirrel cage that works as a generator. The plant\u27s automation is carried out with the industrial controller Siemens S7-1212, Siemens Basic KTP600 operator panel and other related equipment. The purpose of automation is the efficient and safe operation of the power plant without the presence of a human operator. This means that the automation ensures optimum yield of the turbine, ensures the operation of the plant, and safely stops it in case of sudden events such as power failure, sudden rise in water level or belt outburst between turbine and generator. To control the power plant in the engine room of the small hydro power plant, an operator panel is used, which shows all the current state of the hydro power plant and enables its operation, as well as the settings of various parameters, e.g. setting of the parameters of the PID controller on the turbine, operating time of the cleaning device, etc.). Inside of building a touch panel was installed to monitor and display several conditions of power station and also gives possibility to manage a power plant (setting a PID control parameters, timings, etc.). To inform the user about the key parameters of the plant, the GSM module sends a notification via message about the current state of the plant or about unauthorized parameter states, e.g. excessive water level in the river channel. Following successful testing and proper measurements, MHE Belaj has been put into operation and serves its purpose, namely the production of electric power