Optimization of energy consumption of a family house taking into account global warming

V nalogi smo obravnavali model tipične enodružinske hiše na območju Ljubljane, ki smo ji želeli izboljšati zasnovo z namenom zmanjšanja dovedene energije za obratovanje, predvsem za ogrevanje in hlajenje. Ukrepe za doseganje energijske učinkovitosti je potrebno uvesti že v fazi načrtovanja, ob tem pa slediti zakonskim zahtevam za načrtovanje stavb in načelom trajnostnega načrtovanja z implementacijo pasivne solarne arhitekture in ukrepi izboljšanja učinkovite rabe energije. S programskim orodjem BEopt smo izvedli simulacije energijske bilance stavbe z namenom optimizacije dovedene energije, potrebne za obratovanje stavbe. Zavedamo se, da bo ukrepe potrebno prilagoditi na prihajajoče podnebne spremembe, zato smo prikazali tudi razlike med smiselnostjo izbire načrtovalskih ukrepov v letih 2010, 2020 in 2050 ter ovrednotili ustreznost uvedbe posameznega ukrepa glede na referenčni model. Na podlagi tega smo za posamično obdobje sestavili kombinacije energijsko najučinkovitejših ukrepov. V nalogi smo izbrali scenarij A2 projekcije potenciala globalnega segrevanja organizacije IPCC, ki je opredeljen kot scenarij s srednje–visokimi izpusti. V prihodnosti bo, zaradi nadaljnjega segrevanja ozračja in višanja gostote sončnega sevanja na horizontalno površino, pri načrtovanju stavb poudarek na senčenju in zmanjšanju površine zasteklitev ter gradnji stavb z visoko maso zaradi zmožnosti časovnega zamika prehajanja toplote skozi konstrukcijo. Kot energijsko najučinkovitejša se izkažeta ukrepa pravilne izbire sistema za ogrevanje in izboljšava toplotne prehodnosti netransparentnega dela ovoja stavbe.The objective of the thesis is to improve the design of a typical single-family house in the area of Ljubljana to reduce operational energy for heating and cooling. Taking energy efficient measures in an early phase of planning is as requisite as following statutory demands for building design and sustainable design principles with passive solar architecture implementation and energy efficiency improvement of the building. Operational energy optimization was completed by using software tool BEopt for energy performance simulation. We are aware that building design measures have to be adapted appropriately to future climate change, therefore we presented the differences between individual building measures in 2010, 2020 and 2050 and evaluated adequacy of individual measure in comparison to the reference model. On this basis we designed a model with the combination of most energy efficient measures. In the thesis we chose a scenario with IPCC\u27s A2 projection of climate change that is defined as medium-high emission scenario. Further, temperature and solar irradiation rise could be expected, which emphasizes the importance of building design measures as shading, window area decrease and the use of high thermal mass building materials to delay heat transfer. In conclusion, the most energy efficient measures are appropriate selection of heating system and improvement of building´s envelope thermal transmittance