Dance/movement therapy in treatment of eating disorders

Uvod: Motnje hranjenja so simptom za globlji problem. Oboleli želijo stiske, čustveno nestabilnost in občutke nemoči obvladovati prek manipulacij s hrano. Oddaljijo se od lastnih telesnih občutkov in jih zatirajo, s tem pa se psihični problem manifestira v somatskega. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti motnje hranjenja in uporabo umetnostnih terapij v multidisciplinarnem pristopu obravnave. Delo se želi osrediniti na proces zdravljenja z umetnostnimi terapijami s poudarkom na plesno/gibalni terapiji. Ker plesno/gibalna terapija v svoj proces vključuje gibanje telesa, želimo predstaviti tudi učinke telesne dejavnosti v preventivi duševnega zdravja. Metode dela: Metoda dela je deskriptivna. Narejen je pregled literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo od aprila 2017 do junija 2018. Omejujemo se na strokovno in znanstveno literaturo, dostopno od leta 2002 do leta 2018 v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku. Prek vključitvenih meril smo jo razdelili v tri vsebinske sklope: umetnostne terapije in zdravstvena nega, vpliv gibanja na telo v preventivi duševnega zdravja in sklop plesno/gibalna terapija. Rezultati: Vsi trije vsebinski sklopi vključujejo 20 člankov, ki smo jih podrobneje analizirali. Razprava in zaključek: Menimo, da bi vključitev več dejavnosti, povezanih z umetniškim izražanjem, pomagala bolnikom pri reševanju stisk in problemov ter pri splošnem dobrem počutju pa tudi medicinskim sestram, ki bi v tem našle nove priložnosti in smisel za svojo poklicno kariero. Plesno/gibalna terapija tesno prepleta fizični, psihični in duhovni vidik človeka. V psihoterapevtski proces vključuje lastni kreativni izraz posameznika in tudi telo. Ne moremo trditi, da so tovrstne terapije primerne za vse, menimo pa, da lahko pomagajo tistim, ki svoje občutke težje besedno izražajo ter potrebujejo ponovno povezavo z lastnim telesom in občutki. Mednje bi lahko prišteli obolele z motnjami hranjenja. Prek pregleda literature smo ugotovili, da za tovrstne terapije ni dovolj relevantnih raziskav. Želimo, da bi bile v prihodnosti izvedene študije, ki bi strokovno podprle uspešnost in vrednost plesno/gibalne terapije.Introduction: Eating disorders are a symptom of a deeper issue. People with eating disorders use food manipulation to try to control their anxieties, emotional instability and feelings of powerlessness. In moving away from and suppressing bodily sensations, the psychological issues manifest as somatic. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to shed light on eating disorders and focus on art therapy treatment process in a multidisciplinary approach with particular emphasis on dance/movement therapy. We also want to present the relationship between physical activity and mental health. Methodology: The methodology employed was descriptive. An overview of the literature is made. We searched for relevant English and Slovene literature, made available between 2002 and 2018. The literature was divided according to its topic and sorted into three groups: Art therapy and health careThe influence of movement on the body in connection with mental healthDance/Movement therapy. Results: 20 articles found relevant and analysed thoroughly. Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that treatment with more activities related to creative expression could be beneficial for patients in overcoming their anxieties and issues as well as their general wellbeing. Such treatment could also prove a useful opportunity for nurses to find new meaning and purpose in their career. In dance/movement therapy, the physical, mental and spiritual aspects of one’s existence are deeply intertwined. In includes one’s own creative expression and brings the body into the psychotherapeutic process. While the treatment might not prove useful for all patients, it can help those who struggle with vocalizing their feelings and need to reconnect with their bodies and emotions. People with eating disorders can be included in this group. During the process of sorting through the literature, a lack of relevant research became evident. There is much room for additional research that would give support and enable the efficiency and success of dance/movement therapy