Climate change, degradation of environment and conflicts in the Sahel

Sahel je ena izmed okoljsko najranljivejših regij v svetu. Podnebne spremembe spreminjajo vremenske vzorce, povečujejo povprečno temperaturo, ustvarjajo anomalije v običajnih količinah padavin in zvišujejo verjetnost nastanka suš. Posledica teh sprememb je degradacija okolja in naravnih virov, ki vodi v pomanjkanje. Zaradi močne odvisnosti sahelske populacije od okolja to predstavlja grožnjo preživetju, zato različne skupine tekmujejo za lastništvo nad viri, kar pogosto ustvarja skupinsko kohezijo in diskriminacijo nasprotnih skupin. Posledica tega je, da nastajajo konflikti. V magistrskem delu so konflikti v Sahelu predstavljeni skozi teoretska modela Torontske in Švicarske šole, ki zgoraj naštete okoljske dejavnike v kombinaciji s socialnimi združita v kompleksno razmerje. Namen magistrskega dela je zato proučiti, v kolikšni meri podnebne spremembe in posledično degradacija okolja vplivajo na tvorjenje konfliktov v Sahelu.The Sahel region is one of the most environmentally endangered regions in the world. Climate change modifies climate patterns, increases the average temperature, creates anomalies in precipitation and increases the probability of droughts. The consequences of these changes are the degradation of environment and natural resources, which lead to scarcity. Because of the strong dependence of the Sahelian population on the environment, this represents a threat to survivaltherefore these groups compete over the ownership of resources, which often results in group cohesion and discrimination against opposing groups. Consequently, conflicts arise. In the master\u27s work, the conflicts in Sahel are presented through the theoretical models of the Toronto and Swiss schools, which combine the above environmental factors, in combination with social factors, into a causal relationship. The aim of the master\u27s thesis is therefore to examine the extent to which climate change influences the formation of conflicts in the Sahel